678 Hydroxocobalamin Hydroxocobalamin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug.It is an injectable form of vitamin B 12 that has been used therapeutically to treat vitamin B 12 deficiency. [PubChem] 13422-51-0 44475014 C62H89CoN13O15P 1346.574900 Red crystals. 1.46e-02 g/L Inhalation (L29) ; oral (L29) ; dermal (L29) Readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the lower half of the ileum. Vitamin B12 exists in four major forms referred to collectively as cobalamins; deoxyadenosylcobalamin, methylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, and cyanocobalamin. Two of these, methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin, are primarily used by the body. Methionine synthase needs methylcobalamin as a cofactor. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of the amino acid homocysteine into methionine. Methionine in turn is required for DNA methylation. 5-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin is a cofactor needed by the enzyme that converts L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. This conversion is an important step in the extraction of energy from proteins and fats. Furthermore, succinyl CoA is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, the substances that carries oxygen in red blood cells. Primarily hepatic. Cobalamins are absorbed in the ileum and stored in the liver. They continuously undergo enterohepatic recycling via secretion in the bile. Part of a dose is excreted in the urine, most of it in the first 8 hours. Cobalt is absorbed though the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Since it is a component of the vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), it is distributed to most tissues of the body. It is transported in the blood, often bound to albumin, with the highest levels being found in the liver and kidney. Cobalt is excreted mainly in the urine and faeces. (L29) Route of Elimination: Each hydroxocobalamin molecule can bind one cyanide ion by substituting it for the hydroxo ligand linked to the trivalent cobalt ion, to form cyanocobalamin, which is then excreted in the urine. Half Life: Approximately 6 days (peak plasma concentration after 8-12 hours from oral administration) LD50: >50mL/kg (i.v., mice) (L1865) 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135) Hydroxocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12, used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. (L497) It is used for treatment of pernicious anemia and the prevention and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency arising from alcoholism, malabsorption, tapeworm infestation, celiac, hyperthyroidism, hepatic-biliary tract disease, persistent diarrhea, ileal resection, pancreatic cancer, renal disease, prolonged stress, vegan diets, macrobiotic diets or other restrictive diets. Also for the treatment of known or suspected cyanide poisoning. Chronic Inhalation: 0.0001 mg/m3 (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134) Exposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. (L29, L30) Cobalt inhalation can cause asthma-like breathing problems. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis, which is characterized by irritation and rashes. Ingesting large amounts of cobalt may cause nausea and vomiting. (L2090) Treatment of cobalt poisoning is symptomatic. (L29) 2009-03-22T21:40:18Z 2026-04-05T16:12:17Z Serum albumin (P02768) (A39) Hydroxocobalamin C08230 236270 275350 27786 CPD0-1256 D006879 Hydroxocobalamin DB00200 true Serum albumin (P02768) (A39) [H]O[Co+]N1\C2=C(C)/C3=N/C(=C\C4=N\C(=C(C)/C5=N[C@@](C)([C@@]1([H])[C@H](CC(=O)N)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(=O)([O-])O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1CO)N1C=NC2=CC(C)=C(C)C=C12)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]5CCC(=O)N)\[C@@](C)(CC(=O)N)[C@@H]4CCC(=O)N)/C(C)(C)[C@@H]3CCC(=O)N C62H89CoN13O15P InChI=1S/C62H90N13O14P.Co.H2O/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);;1H2/q;+3;/p-3/t31-,34-,35-,36-,37+,41-,52-,53-,56-,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;;/m1../s1 YOZNUFWCRFCGIH-WZHZPDAFSA-K 1346.3551 1345.567070949 Endogenous Solid HMDB14345 CHEMBL2103737 21403074 <p>Takayuki Hirayama, Takashi Kiyota, &#8220;Process for production of hydroxocobalamin.&#8221; U.S. Patent US5338418, issued June, 1982.</p> CHEM000604 DTXSID60897433 NS00076370 (10S,12R,13S,17R,23R,24R,25R,30S,35S,36S,40S,41S,42R,46R)-30,35,40-tris(2-carbamoylethyl)-24,36,41-tris(carbamoylmethyl)-1,46-dihydroxy-12-(hydroxymethyl)-5,6,17,23,28,31,31,36,38,41,42-undecamethyl-15,20-dioxo-11,14,16-trioxa-2lambda5,9,19,26,43lambda5,44lambda5,45lambda5-heptaaza-15lambda5-phospha-1-cobaltadodecacyclo[27.14.1.1^{1,34}.1^{2,9}.1^{10,13}.0^{1,26}.0^{3,8}.0^{23,27}.0^{25,42}.0^{32,44}.0^{39,43}.0^{37,45}]heptatetraconta-2(47),3,5,7,27,29(44),32,34(45),37,39(43)-decaene-2,43,44,45-tetrakis(ylium)-1,1,1-triuid-15-olate