2062 1,2,4-Trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1,2,4-Trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (C12H5Cl3O2) is an exogenous organic compound with an average molecular weight of 287.53 g/mol. It exists as a solid at room temperature. 1,2,4-Trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin belongs to the benzo-p-dioxins, a subclass of benzodioxins within the organic compounds. This compound interacts with several protein targets. It binds to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which alters the transcription of certain genes; the affinity for this receptor is dependent on the specific structure of the chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin. It causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) and estrogen receptor (ESR1). Additionally, it is believed to disrupt the production, transport, and disposition of thyroid hormones. This occurs through metabolites that compete with thyroxine to bind to transthyretin (TTR), decreasing serum thyroid hormone levels, a process linked to neurobehavioral alterations and thyroid toxicity. 39227-58-2 38253 C12H5Cl3O2 285.935510 Colorless solid. 128°C 8.41e-06 mg/mL at 25°C [YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)] Oral (L177) ; inhalation(L177) ; dermal (L177) CDDs cause their toxic effects by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and subsequently altering the trascription of certain genes. The affinity for the Ah receptor depends on the structure of the specific CDD. The change in gene expression may result from the direct interaction of the Ah receptor and its heterodimer-forming partner, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, with gene regulatory elements or the initiation of a phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cascade that subsequently activates other transcription factors. The affected genes include several oncogenes, growth factors, receptors, hormones, and drug-metabolizing enzymes. The change in transcription/translation of these genes is believed to be the cause of most of the toxic effects of CDDs. (L177) CDDs are absorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes of exposure. CDDs are carried in the plasma by serum lipids and lipoproteins, distributing mainly to the liver and adipose tissue. CDDs are very slowly metabolized by the microsomal monooxygenase system to polar metabolites that can undergo conjugation with glucuronic acid and glutathione. They may increase the rate of their own metabolism by inducing both phase I and phase II enzymes. The major routes of excretion of CDDs are the bile and the faeces, though smaller amounts are excreted in the urine and via lactation. (L177) 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135) Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178) Acute Oral: 0.0002 ug/kg/day (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.00002 ug/kg/day (L134) Chronic Oral: 0.000001 ug/kg/day (L134) Exposure to large amounts of CDDs causes chloracne, a severe skin disease with acne-like lesions that occur mainly on the face and upper body. CDDs may also cause liver damage and induce long-term alterations in glucose metabolism and subtle changes in hormonal levels. In addition, studies have shown that CDDs may disrupt the endocrine system and weaken the immune system, as well as cause reproductive damage and birth defects, central and peripheral nervous system pathology, thyroid disorders, endometriosis, and diabetes. (L177, L178) In addition to chloracne, CDD exposure causes skin rashes, discoloration, and excessive body hair. (L177) Treatment of CDD exposure may include washing the area of contact, GI decontamination, administering an IV, or forced alkaline diuresis. (L346) 2009-06-24T17:37:20Z 2026-08-18T21:13:32Z C090523 1,2,4-Trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin true ClC1=CC(Cl)=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1Cl C12H5Cl3O2 InChI=1S/C12H5Cl3O2/c13-6-5-7(14)11-12(10(6)15)17-9-4-2-1-3-8(9)16-11/h1-5H HRVUKLBFRPWXPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 287.526 285.935512525 Exogenous Solid 4.9 CHEMBL136676 35062 CHEM001801 DTXSID50192489 NS00134769 1,2,4-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 18.46 66.89600000000002 25.929824307934783 0 0 0 -9.289717620119063 0 3 6.05 -5.32 1.37e-03 g/l Organic compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Benzodioxins Benzo-p-dioxins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 776t3gAAAAAQAAAAAwAAAAAAAAARAAAAEwAAAIABEQAgAAAAAQZAKAAAAAME BkBoAAAAAwMBBkAoAAAAAwQRACAAAAABBkAoAAAAAwQIACgAAAADAgZAKAAA AAMEBkBoAAAAAwMBBkBoAAAAAwMBBkBoAAAAAwMBBkBoAAAAAwMBBkAoAAAA AwQIACgAAAADAgZAKAAAAAMEBkAoAAAAAwQRACAAAAABCwABAAECaAwCA2gM AwQAAwVoDAUGIAYHIAcIaAwICWgMCQpoDAoLaAwLDGgMDA0gDQ4gDg9oDA8Q AA8BaAwOBWgMDAdoDEIDAAAABgEPDgUDAgYGBwwNDgUGCAkKCwwHFwQAAAAA AAAAFg== 2026-09-19T04:00:20Z