2497 Muscimol Muscimol is an exogenous organic compound with the formula C4H6N2O2 and an average molecular weight of 114.10 g/mol. It exists as a solid at room temperature. Muscimol belongs to the amines, a subclass of organonitrogen compounds within the organic compounds. Biologically, it functions as a fungal metabolite. In application, muscimol is used as a psychotropic drug and a GABA agonist. It acts as a potent agonist of the GABAA receptor, activating the receptor for GABA, which is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Muscimol binds to the same binding site on the GABAA receptor complex as GABA itself, distinguishing it from other GABAergic drugs like benzodiazepines and barbiturates that bind to separate regulatory sites. Because GABAA receptors are widely distributed in the brain, the administration of muscimol alters neuronal activity in multiple regions, including the cerebral cortex. The compound has 12 recorded protein targets. These include the Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 (GABRA1), Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 (GABRA2), Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 (GABRA3), and Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 (GABRA4). Additionally, it targets the Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 (GABRB3), Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 (GABRR2), and Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 (GABBR1), serving as an agonist of the Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor. 18174-72-6 205536 C4H6N2O2 193.969090 White powder. 184-185°C Solubility in water: very soluble Solubility in ethanol: slightly soluble Solubility in methanol: very soluble Oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral (contaminated drugs). (A3101) Muscimol is a potent GABAA agonist, activating the receptor for the brain's major inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. Muscimol actually binds to the same binding site on the GABAA receptor complex as GABA itself, as opposed to other GABAergic drugs such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines which bind to separate regulatory sites. GABAA receptors are widely distributed in the brain, and so when muscimol is administered, it alters neuronal activity in multiple regions including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. However while muscimol is conventionally thought of as a selective GABAA agonist, it is also a potent partial agonist at the GABAC receptor, and so its effects profile results from a combined action at both targets. (L1142) LD50: 3.8 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (L1142) LD50: 2.5 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (L1142) LD50: 4.5 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (L1142) LD50: 45 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L1142) No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Muscimol is produced naturally in the mushrooms Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina, and Amanita gemmata, along with muscarine, muscazone, and ibotenic acid. (L1142) Muscimol is neurotoxic and produces hallucinations. (L1142) Muscimol is hallucinogenic. (L1142) 2009-07-03T21:01:06Z 2026-05-14T19:21:50Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscimol 25520 Muscimol DB12458 true NCC1=CC(O)=NO1 C4H6N2O2 InChI=1S/C4H6N2O2/c5-2-3-1-4(7)6-8-3/h1H,2,5H2,(H,6,7) ZJQHPWUVQPJPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 114.1026 114.042927446 Exogenous Solid -2.2 4116 CHEM002045 DTXSID5041069 NS00028339 5-(aminomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-one 72.28 28.1453 10.531946046451573 1 3 2 5.783150566955853 7.460140300263189 0 1 -0.95 -0.29 5.79e+01 g/l Organic compounds Organic nitrogen compounds Organonitrogen compounds Amines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 776t3gAAAAAQAAAAAwAAAAAAAAAIAAAACAAAAIABBwBgAAAAAQIGAGAAAAAC AgZAKAAAAAMEBkBoAAAAAwMBBkAoAAAAAwQIAGgAAAADAQEHQCgAAAADAwhA KAAAAAMCCwABAAECAAIDaAwDBGgMBAUgBAZoDAYHaAwHAmgMQgEAAAAFAgME BgcXBAAAAAAAAAAW 2026-09-19T04:00:28Z