Levorphanol (CHEM002290)

IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesTargets (29)XML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-07-21 20:27:50 UTC
Update Date2026-05-14 16:50:48 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM002290
Identification
Common NameLevorphanol
ClassSmall Molecule
DescriptionLevorphanol is an exogenous organic compound with the formula C17H23NO and an average molecular weight of 257.37 g/mol. It exists as a solid at room temperature. Levorphanol belongs to the morphinans, a class of alkaloids and derivatives within the organic compounds. The compound is associated with 21 recorded sources. These include electrical and electronic equipment such as amplifiers, antennas, communication cables or conductors, contacts, and cores yokes or armatures. It is also found in building and construction materials, specifically ceilings and tents or canopies. In the category of food, food processing and cookware, it is linked to the treatment of hops and the preparation of vinegar and wort. Additionally, it is found in household cleaning and consumer products, including pipe accessories, other smoking requisites, and non electric simulated smoking devices. Levorphanol acts on three recorded protein targets: the delta-type opioid receptor (OPRD1), the kappa-type opioid receptor (OPRK1), and the mu-type opioid receptor (OPRM1). Like other mu-agonist opioids, it is believed to act at receptors in the periventricular and periaqueductal gray matter in both the brain and spinal cord to alter the transmission and perception of pain.
Contaminant Sources
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
  • T3DB toxins
Contaminant Type
  • Amine
  • Analgesic, Opioid
  • Drug
  • Metabolite
  • Narcotic
  • Organic Compound
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
Dea no. 9220HMDB
Dea no. 9733HMDB
LevorfanoloHMDB
LevorphanHMDB
LevorphanalHMDB
Levorphanol DL-formHMDB
MethorphinanHMDB
RacemethorphanumHMDB
3 Hydroxy N methylmorphinanHMDB
L DromoranHMDB
Levo dromoranHMDB
Tartrate, levorphanolHMDB
3-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinanHMDB
ICN brand OF levorphanol tartrateHMDB
L-DromoranHMDB
Levorphanol tartrateHMDB
Levo-dromoranHMDB
LevoDromoranHMDB
Chemical FormulaC17H23NO
Average Molecular Mass257.371 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass257.178 g/mol
CAS Registry Number77-07-6
IUPAC Name(1R,9R,10R)-17-methyl-17-azatetracyclo[7.5.3.0^{1,10}.0^{2,7}]heptadeca-2(7),3,5-trien-4-ol
Traditional Namelevorphanol
SMILES[H][C@@]12CCCC[C@@]11CCN(C)[C@@H]2CC2=C1C=C(O)C=C2
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C17H23NO/c1-18-9-8-17-7-3-2-4-14(17)16(18)10-12-5-6-13(19)11-15(12)17/h5-6,11,14,16,19H,2-4,7-10H2,1H3/t14-,16+,17+/m0/s1
InChI KeyJAQUASYNZVUNQP-USXIJHARSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as morphinans. These are polycyclic compounds with a four-ring skeleton with three condensed six-member rings forming a partially hydrogenated phenanthrene moiety, one of which is aromatic while the two others are alicyclic.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassAlkaloids and derivatives
ClassMorphinans
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentMorphinans
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Morphinan
  • Phenanthrene
  • Benzazocine
  • Tetralin
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Aralkylamine
  • Piperidine
  • Benzenoid
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Tertiary amine
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
NameSMPDB LinkKEGG Link
Levorphanol Action PathwaySMP0000673 Not Available
Levorphanol Opioid Agonist Action PathwaySMP0125026 Not Available
Levorphanol Drug Metabolism Action PathwaySMP0143291 Not Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological RolesNot Available
Chemical RolesNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point198-199°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility1840 mg/L
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.17 g/LALOGPS
logP3.29ALOGPS
logP2.9ChemAxon
logS-3.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)10.46ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.66ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area23.47 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity78.08 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability29.84 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00ou-0190000000-14189f3c821f5d9240bfSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0hbi-2096000000-da9354b628843987f142Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-6ba0fc98a8d249fe2da0Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-d3e64fd4fd1d790a54bbSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0596-6790000000-7a77fc910d8d984d1012Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-503f808754310f636373Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-bce69f729c40b2f3bed9Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-002g-1290000000-97ee80b268d9fa4de679Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-07569ae87a2b34cbffc0Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-02552f8621a9e610534eSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-03di-2960000000-72882cb61c3a77dadafbSpectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-4d2203d29a4418e5d773Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-4d2203d29a4418e5d773Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0f6t-0490000000-d5048ebe52cdbfced464Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0a4i-5930000000-4593c62f1e2a0579a248Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureSubcutaneous, Intravenous, or Intramuscular injection ; Oral. Levorphanol is well absorbed after PO administration with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 1 hour after dosing.
Mechanism of ToxicityLike other mu-agonist opioids it is believed to act at receptors in the periventricular and periaqueductal gray matter in both the brain and spinal cord to alter the transmission and perception of pain.
MetabolismLevorphanol is extensively metabolized in the liver and is eliminated as the glucuronide metabolite. Half Life: 11-16 hours
Toxicity ValuesLD50: 150 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (1)
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesFor the management of moderate to severe pain or as a preoperative medication where an opioid analgesic is appropriate
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsMedical problems can include congested lungs, liver disease, tetanus, infection of the heart valves, skin abscesses, anemia and pneumonia. Death can occur from overdose.
SymptomsSigns of overdose include nausea, emesis, dizziness, respiratory depression, hypotension, urinary retention, cardiac arrhythmias, allergic reactions, skin rash, and uticaria.
TreatmentThe specific treatment of suspected levorphanol tartrate overdosage is immediate establishment of an adequate airway and ventilation, followed (if necessary) by intravenous naloxone. The respiratory and cardiac status of the patient should be continuously monitored and appropriate supportive measures instituted, such as oxygen, intravenous fluids and/or vasopressors, if required. Physicians are reminded that the duration of levorphanol action far exceeds the duration of action of naloxone, and repeated dosing with naloxone may be required. Naloxone should be administered cautiously to persons known or suspected to be physically dependent on Levorphanol. In such cases an abrupt and complete reversal of opioid effects may precipitate an acute abstinence syndrome. If necessary to administer naloxone to the physically dependent patient, the antagonist should be administered with extreme care and by titration with smaller than usual doses of the antagonist. (3)
Concentrations
Not Available
DrugBank IDDB00854
HMDB IDHMDB0014992
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkLevorphanol
Chemspider ID16736212
ChEBI ID119572
PubChem Compound ID5359272
Kegg Compound IDC08014
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis Reference

Joseph P. Haar, “Process for the Production of Levorphanol and Related Compounds.” U.S. Patent US20080146805, issued June 19, 2008.

MSDSLink
General ReferencesNot Available