4251 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furan-propanoic acid 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furan-propanoic acid is an endogenous human metabolite with the formula C12H16O5 and an average molecular weight of 240.25 g/mol. At room temperature, this compound exists as a solid. 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furan-propanoic acid belongs to the fatty acids and conjugates, a subclass of fatty acyls within the organic compounds. Biologically, the compound functions as a uremic toxin. It targets the organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8). Additionally, it has been recorded as being found in or released from electrical and electronic equipment antennas. 86879-39-2 123979 C12H16O5 240.25 White powder. Endogenous, Ingestion, Dermal (contact) Uremic toxins such as 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furan-propanoic acid are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Increased levels of uremic toxins can stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. This seems to be mediated by the direct binding or inhibition by uremic toxins of the enzyme NADPH oxidase (especially NOX4 which is abundant in the kidneys and heart) (A7868). Reactive oxygen species can induce several different DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) which are involved in the silencing of a protein known as KLOTHO. KLOTHO has been identified as having important roles in anti-aging, mineral metabolism, and vitamin D metabolism. A number of studies have indicated that KLOTHO mRNA and protein levels are reduced during acute or chronic kidney diseases in response to high local levels of reactive oxygen species (A7869). Uremic toxins tend to accumulate in the blood either through dietary excess or through poor filtration by the kidneys. Most uremic toxins are metabolic waste products and are normally excreted in the urine or feces. No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Naturally produced by the body (endogenous). Chronic exposure to uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. As a uremic toxin, this compound can cause uremic syndrome. Uremic syndrome may affect any part of the body and can cause nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. It can also cause changes in mental status, such as confusion, reduced awareness, agitation, psychosis, seizures, and coma. Abnormal bleeding, such as bleeding spontaneously or profusely from a very minor injury can also occur. Heart problems, such as an irregular heartbeat, inflammation in the sac that surrounds the heart (pericarditis), and increased pressure on the heart can be seen in patients with uremic syndrome. Shortness of breath from fluid buildup in the space between the lungs and the chest wall (pleural effusion) can also be present. Kidney dialysis is usually needed to relieve the symptoms of uremic syndrome until normal kidney function can be restored. 2014-08-29T05:52:03Z 2026-08-18T19:02:14Z 41254 DB07517 true CCCC1=C(C)C(C(O)=O)=C(CCC(O)=O)O1 C12H16O5 InChI=1S/C12H16O5/c1-3-4-8-7(2)11(12(15)16)9(17-8)5-6-10(13)14/h3-6H2,1-2H3,(H,13,14)(H,15,16) WMCQWXZMVIETAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 240.2524 240.099773622 Endogenous Solid 1.9 HMDB61112 CHEMBL1231562 110498 CHEM003157 DTXSID90235940 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-propylfuran-3-carboxylic acid 87.74 61.083600000000004 25.26012299065896 6 4 2 3.8672044770544063 -2.9255026501474064 -2 1 1.68 -3.04 2.17e-01 g/l Organic compounds Lipids and lipid-like molecules Fatty Acyls Fatty acids and conjugates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 ï¾­Þ������������������������€���`�������`�������`������@(������@(�������`������@(�������(�������h��������(������@(�������`�������`�������(�������h��������(������@(�����������������h������h��� �� � (�� h� ������ � � �(� �h���h�B�������� ����������� 2026-09-19T04:01:09Z